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The Global Insight

When does a property become a principal residence?

Author

Christopher Ramos

Updated on March 14, 2026

The tax rules refer to the residence being “ordinarily inhabited” within the calendar year, which is a relatively low bar. A more significant issue is whether a property held for a short period will produce an income gain or a capital gain when sold.

When do you rescind a principal residence exemption?

PART 2: RESCIND INFORMATION Change an Existing Exemption. You are required to rescind a principal residence exemption when you no longer own and occupy the property as your principal residence . The exemption will be removed December 31st of the year you rescind the exemption.

When to exclude gain from sale of principal residence?

Under IRS Code Section 121, taxpayers can exclude gain resulting from the sale or exchange of property if the property has been owned and used as their principal residence for two or more years over the 5-year period before sale. Single taxpayers may exclude up to $250,000 in gain while married taxpayers can exclude up to $500,000.

What happens if you don’t report a principal residence?

If an owner fails to report the selling of a principal residence, they could be subject to a late-filing penalty of $100 per month, up to a maximum of $8,000, according to the CRA. In addition, if an owner doesn’t report the sale, the exemption may be denied and therefore the owner would be taxed on the capital gains.

Trusts that designate a property as a principal residence for one or more tax years must complete Form T1079, Designation of a Property as a Principal Residence by a Personal Trust and attach it to their T3 Trust Income Tax and Information Return for the year in which the sale (or deemed disposition) occurred. 6.

What happens when you sell your principal residence in Canada?

If you were not a resident of Canada throughout any tax year during which you owned the designated property, contact the CRA. Your principal residence exemption may be reduced or eliminated based on how long you were not a resident. What is the principal residence exemption? When you sell a housing unit, you may realize a capital gain.

When do you qualify for the principal residence exclusion?

To qualify for the exclusion, you must have used the home you sell as your principal residence for at least two of the five years prior to the sale. Your principal residence is the place where you (and your spouse if you’re filing jointly and claiming the $500,000 exclusion for couples) live.

How is the sale of a primary residence treated?

For tax purposes, the sale of a primary residence is treated quite differently than the sale of a second home or a mixed-use home (a home used personally for part of the year and rented out for part of the year).

Can a summer home be a primary residence?

Properties, including a cottage or summer home, can be designated a primary residence and qualify for the principal residence exemption when sold (Getty Images/skynesher) When filing personal income tax returns, how to report a property sale can be confusing and expensive, dependent on value appreciation and the capital gains tax owed.

What makes a property a principal residence of the CRA?

This includes property that is solely rented out on a long- or short-term basis, or one where the owner occupies one unit and rents out the others.