N
The Global Insight

What does it mean to sell your principal residence?

Author

Christopher Ramos

Updated on March 15, 2026

1. What is the principal residence exemption? The principal residence exemption is an income tax benefit that generally provides you an exemption from tax on the capital gain realised when you sell the property that is your principal residence. Generally, the exemption applies for each year the property is designated as your principal residence.

What makes a property a principal residence in California?

Defining Principal Residence. Simply put, a principal residence is where an individual or family spends most of its time. Establishing a property as your principal residence means you must spend the bulk of your personal time there, whether the dwelling is owned or leased. Ownership of a property by itself does not make it a principal residence.

When do you sell a principal residence do you get a tax exclusion?

Principal residence describes a person’s primary residence. When a principal residence is sold, the seller may qualify for a tax exclusion.

When to use principal residence on capital gains?

Capital Gains and the Principal Residence. The IRS allows sellers to use the primary residence exclusion on capital gains sales of their principal residence. To qualify, the property must not only serve as the principal residence, but the owners must have lived in the home for at least two consecutive years in the five years prior to the sale.

When to exclude gain from sale of principal residence?

Under IRS Code Section 121, taxpayers can exclude gain resulting from the sale or exchange of property if the property has been owned and used as their principal residence for two or more years over the 5-year period before sale. Single taxpayers may exclude up to $250,000 in gain while married taxpayers can exclude up to $500,000.

Can a principal residence be sold within one year of death?

Possibly because the real estate commissions are deductible from the gain so it would be unusual for a property sold within one year of death to have a taxable gain. However, in some real estate markets such as Vancouver, this is not out of the question. Others may be confused because of the principal residence “plus one year” rule.

When do you have to report the sale of your principal residence?

You have to report the disposition (and designation) of your principal residence and/or the resulting capital gain or loss (in certain situations) in the year the change of use occurs. Refer to the T4037, Capital Gains 2016, once available, for more information.

When does a rental home become a principal residence?

Answer: Prior to 2008 an owner of a rental home could move into that rental home as a principal residence for two years, and, upon the sale of the home after two years of residence, the entire capital gain on the sale for up to $500,000 for a married couple ($250,000 for a single person) would be exempt from income tax.

Can you exclude gain on sale of principal residence?

And if you reside in it and own it the required periods of time, can you use IRC Section 121 to exclude up to $250,000 of gain ($500,000 for married persons filing jointly) on the sale of your principal residence? It can be done, but the key is your intention at the time you acquired the replacement property.

Can a parent still be the principal owner of a property?

On the eventual sale (or deemed disposition at death), the property can still qualify as the parent’s principal residence, assuming the parent retains ownership of the property (and does not own another property designated as their principal residence). However, the reverse is not true. Where an adult child is the owner