What are the ownership and use requirements a taxpayer must meet to qualify for the exclusion of gain on the sale of a residence?
Christopher Ramos
Updated on March 16, 2026
To claim the exclusion, you must meet the ownership and use tests. This means that during the 5-year period ending on the date of the sale, you must have: Owned the home for at least two years (the ownership test) Lived in the home as your main home for at least two years (the use test)
What is the Section 121 exclusion?
This exclusion, more fondly known as the section 121 exclusion, allows homeowners to exclude up to $250,000 ($500,000 for joint filers) of capital gain from the sale of their primary residence.
What is a gain exclusion?
If you meet certain conditions, you may exclude the first $250,000 of gain from the sale of your home from your income and avoid paying taxes on it. The exclusion is increased to $500,000 for a married couple filing jointly.
How do you qualify for 121 exclusion?
In general, to qualify for the Section 121 exclusion, you must meet both the ownership test and the use test. You’re eligible for the exclusion if you have owned and used your home as your main home for a period aggregating at least two years out of the five years prior to its date of sale.
When do you qualify for a home sale gain exclusion?
Getting a reduced home sale gain exclusion. You might qualify for a reduced home sale gain exclusion if the main reason for the home sale was due to certain changes impacting a qualified individual. This applies even if you: Don’t pass the use and ownership tests; Have used the exclusion within two years of selling your current home
Why is the home sale tax exclusion important?
That’s why it’s so important to understand — and take advantage of — the home sale tax exclusion. The home sale exclusion is a tax break provided by Congress to encourage homeownership. Meet certain requirements set by the IRS, and you can exempt up to $500,000 of your gain on the sale from taxes.
How is gain on disposition of Home excluded from income?
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY TO EXCLUDE GAIN ON THE DISPOSITION OF A HOME from income under IRC section 121, a taxpayer must own and occupy the property as a principal residence for two of the five years immediately before the sale. However, the ownership and occupancy need not be concurrent. The law
Can a spouse exclude gain from the sale of a home?
Either you or your spouse meets the ownership test. Both spouses meet the use test. Neither you nor your spouse excluded gain from the sale of another home in the two-year period ending on the date of the sale. Don’t report the sale of your main home on your return unless one of these applies: